I'd run it on test hardware or at least in a virtual machine which allow for far more reliable ways to block network traffic. If I did want to run untrusted software, I wouldn't use a firewall. Personally I just don't run untrusted software, so I don't have any need for Little Snitch. Little Snitch is mostly for software running on your Mac which you don't trust - it may be able to stop that software from making an outgoing connection (but it's not perfect security). Little Snitch is an excellent tool to monitor and control the network traffic of your applications and servers on MacOS. That's why it's disabled by default - for most people it's a waste of memory/cpu cycles/battery power. The Mac firewall can be enabled as well, but generally it shouldn't receive any traffic or block anything - because your router didn't send any of that traffic to your Mac. It doesn't know where to route uninvited network traffic so it just tosses it out. Your router should provide you with an effective firewall for inbound connections. Have a read of this if you want to learn more Tiny changes in traffic timing can have a big impact. I'm not sure by how much but it wouldn't be zero and it's likely complex as the way a TCP negotiates the connection speed is extremely convoluted and unpredictable (that's why download speeds constantly fluctuate especially for short connections). The best known firewall for Mac is without a doubt Little Snitch. You can then give the app access to the internet or block it. LuLu is a personal firewall that controls which applications want to make outbound connections on your Mac. Both theoretically would affect performance. LuLu is a free open source firewall for macOS only.
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